B. The dog needs to go for a walk.
Remember, independent clauses make sense by themselves. The other two options do not make any sense, therefore, they are dependent clauses. B makes sense so it is an independent clause.
C. IS
It is the linking verb in the sentence, This storm is worse than the last one.
Linking verbs are verbs that links the subject to the rest of the sentence. It is also called a copula or copular verb.
These are all linking verbs: be (am, is, are, was, were, has been, are being, might have been), become, and seem.
There are also some action verbs that functions as linking verbs.
The poem "Ode to Autumn", written by John Keats in 1819, reflects the theme of growth and maturation in the following lines:
"(...) And full-grown lambs loud bleat from hilly bourn; hedge-crickets sing; and now with treble soft the red-breast whistles from a garden-croft; (...) "
In this poem the author wrote about the Autumn's cycle and the life's cycle, using the last prhases of the poem as the declining of the Autumn' season and the ineluctable end of the life. That is the main reason to write about full-grown lambs and the signing of the hedge-crickets, because when winter is coming the harvest is ended and animals have migrated, so the sounds of the animals mentioned in those lines are recovered only when spring comes.
The end of Autumn then, represent the idea of the declining in the life cycle.
( ) = prepositional phrase
{ } = object of preposition
1. ( in {Oregon}, ) it can be quite rainy ( along the {coast}. )
2. Everyone (from the {city} and {suburbs}) should vacation (in the {countryside}) (during the summer {months}.)
3. I have never seen a wild bear outside.
This sentence does not contain any prepositional phrases, regardless of the word, "outside," because nothing comes after it. For example, if said, "outside of Kentucky," then it'd be a prepositional phrase, Kentucky being the object of preposition.
4. Johnson ran (over the {hill}) (near the grocery {store}) (on his {way}) (to {school.})
Well noticed I need a little more information than that for that to know the anwser