This can either be Louis Thurstone's Primary Mental Abilities or Howard Gardner's Multiple Intelligence. Both can support this premise because it illustrates that intelligence is not general unlike the theory proposed by Charles Spearman. In Thurstone's and Gardner's theories, a person can e intelligent in one aspect and not on another. This is because there are multiple areas of intelligence and it is not rarely possible for a person to excel in every area.
Most believe it originated from Norse Mythology.
The Norse Mythology goes like this:
Goddess Frigga, goddess of love, has a son named Balder, god of summer sun.
One day, Balder had a dream of death and told his mother about it. She was greatly alarmed because if Balder dies, being a god of summer sun, all life on earth will die too. So, she went to air, water, fire, earth and all the animals and plants to seek their promise not to harm her son, Balder. Unfortunately, she overlooked the mistletoe.
Mistletoes are hemiparasites. They grow on tree trunks or tree branches.
Loki, god of evil, the ultimate enemy of Balder used the mistletoe as an arrow tip and gave the arrow to Hoder, the blind god of winter, to shoot Balder. Hoder did and struck Balder dead.
With the earth's life forms gradually fading and unsuccessfully trying to revive Balder's body, Goddess Frigga held Balder's body and shed tears for him which revived him back to life. The tears fell on the mistletoe and turned into white berries.
Expressing her joy of having her son back, Goddess Frigga kissed everyone who passed under the tree where the mistletoe grew.
The story ended with a decree that whoever stands under the mistletoe, no harm shall befall them, only a kiss, a token of love.
Answer:
A-a person who does not appear to be normal
C-behavior that is self-destructing or dangerous to others
D-emotional distress
I believe the answer is: Participation bias
Participation bias happened when most subjects posses certain traits that would most likely influence the outcome of the data.
For example, when conducting a research on whether citizens favor increasing the amount of income taxes, the data would most likely shows strong favorability if most of the subjects are affiliated with democratic party.