The answer is (A) stabilizing selection. Stabilizing selection favors the average in a population. In this case, babies that are born at a normal body weight, or an average between the two extremes of underweight and large, tend to have more favorable outcomes.
ATP is Adenosine Triphosphate. ATP consists of an adenosine molecule bonded to 3 phosphate groups in a row. This occurs when a molecule of adenosine diphosphate ( ADP ) uses the energy released during cellular respiration bond with a 3rd phosphate group, becoming a molecule of ATP
Primary reinforcers have distinctive reinforcing qualities; not learned. In addition, secondary reinforcers has no inherent value and only has reinforcing qualities when linked with a primary reinforcers. The positive reinforcement is a desirable stimulus is added to increase behavior while negative reinforcement is an undesirable stimulus is removed to increase behavior.
Descending tracts are the pathways by which motor
signals are pass through from the brain to lower motor neurones. Thus, all
the neurones within the descending motor system are classed as upper motor
neurones. The lower motor neurones then directly innervate muscles to produce
movement. Their cell bodies are found in the cerebral cortex or the brain stem,
with their axons remaining within the CNS.
Explanation:
The higher the volume of water in a stream, the higher its speed and the wide its size and shape which ensures a proportionate flow rate.
To quantify how the speed of stream, we use the quantity, discharge in hydrology;
Discharge is the volumetric rate of water flow past a point at a particular time.
Discharge = 
- We see that discharge is directly proportional to the volume of water in a stream.
- It is inversely proportional to the time taken.
- We know that volume is the amount of space occupied by a body. It is function of its size and shape.
- A big water body that is deeper, wider and longer will have more wate and a greater discharge.
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