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never [62]
3 years ago
11

The light-dependent reactions include an electron transport chain system that works in a very

Biology
1 answer:
mamaluj [8]3 years ago
3 0

Explanation:

When the high energy electrons move from the reactive center, they are conveyed from one chain protein to another as the energy in the electrons is harnessed to pump H+ ions from the stroma into the lamellae. The electron will ultimately reduce NADP+ to NADPH and the electrons in the reactive center will be replaced by high energy electrons from the splitting of a water molecule in photolysis. The energy of the sun is used to split the water molecule. The high energy electrons then undergo the same cycle as the previous electrons and the cycle continues.

Eventually a proton-motive force is created across the lamellae membrane. This potential energy of the high H+ ion gradient is used by ATP synthase enzyme to phosphorylate ADPs to ATPs.  

Learn More:

For more on photosynthesis check out;

brainly.com/question/12131960

#LearnWithBrainly

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Answer:

Microorganisms which causes diseases is known as pathogen.

Explanation:

<u>PATHOGEN -:</u> Pathogens are agents that live in a host and are responsible for causing infections or diseases in that host, such as a human being. Microorganisms such as bacteria , viruses , fungi or protozoa, or other organisms such as parasites, worms and even contagious proteins such as prions, may be pathogens.

<u>Viruses:</u> Viruses are micro-organisms that are composed of nucleic acid and covered by a protein sheet. A lipid (fatty) outer layer is also present in some viruses. Enveloped viruses are called these. Non-enveloped viruses are considered those that do not have this lipid outer layer. Only inside their host's living cells are viruses able to replicate.<u> EXAMPLE -:</u>  Influenza (influenza A and B viruses) and the common cold (rhinovirus) are examples of infections caused by viruses.

<u>Bacteria: </u>These are microorganisms which have a nucleus containing DNA surrounded by a cell wall or membrane. Among bacteria, the composition of the cell wall differs. If they are able to access food and nutrients, they have a more complex structure than viruses and can multiply beyond the host.<u> EXAMPLE -: </u> Foodborne diseases can be caused by bacteria such as Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli, while Staphylococcus aureus can cause skin infections.

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Answer:

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