The underlying theme of this passage is I believe it to be (deep instincts) :)
Support for/or public support for or recommendation of a particular cause or policy (advocacy) of improvement of a community/society. A key idea or feature that makes up progressivism is the reform of taxes, military, or laws.
The correct answer is B.
Based on the style and language that Ginsberg uses in "Homework," he would most likely agree that the writing of this poem is an attempt at imitating his favorite American poet, Walt Whitman.
Like Whitman's poems, this poem uses long lines. Furthermore, the language is conversational, also like Whitman's poems.
While the poem does protest the current state of the world, the style and language is a reflection of Whitman's influence on Ginsberg.
Contrast: Insects may have entered a cool home and earthworms would have escaped to under the cool soil.
Compare: They both may have gone to a chilly area from their instincts.