1. A. assimilation
2. B. pluralism
3. A. ethnic groups living in the United States retain unique features, but also contribute to American culture as a whole.
4. D. constitutional monarchy
5. B. the dispersion of Africans during and after the trans Atlantic slave trade.
Assimilation is a process in which one minor group loses its particularity and takes on the cultural and other differentiating features of a major group such as speech, mannerisms, values, practices and ideology. When this process is complete, there is full integration in which there will be no identifiable difference between the previous different groups. The process of assimilation may be voluntary or enforced upon someone, and it may occur slowly or quickly.
Answer:
Geologic process: Volcanism.
Geographic features: big island of Hawaii, smooth surfaces of the lunar maria, Mars's Olympus Mons.
Geologic process: Impact cratering.
Geographic features: old surface features of the lunar highlands.
Geologic process: Erosion:
Geographic features. Earth's Grand Canyon.
Geologic process: Tectonics.
Geographic features current locations of Earth's continents, Mars's Valles Marineris, Mercury's many long, tall cliffs.
Note that all four processes are interrelated, so although one may be major to a particular feature, others also play some roles in their formation.