Answer:
a. Compute the cost of retained earnings (Ke)
$60 = $3 / (Ke - 8%)
Ke - 8% = $3 / $60 = 5%
Ke = 13%
b. If a $5 flotation cost is involved, compute the cost of new common stock (Kn).
$60 (1 - $5/$60) = $3 / (Kn - 8%)
$55 = $3 / (Kn - 8%)
Kn - 8% = $3 / $55 = 5.45%
Kn = 13.45%
Flotation costs reduce the amount of money that the company receives for every new stock that it issues, therefore, it increases the cost of new stocks.
C. The tools and processes that surround us to gather and interpret data can be defined as an information technology environment.
Our environment is what surrounds us - so if the environment is technological, then different types of technologies and tools are what fall under that category.
Answer:
The ammount due at the end of the loan adds for $27,456
Explanation:
If the payment is in full at maturity, the man must pay the principal of 26,000 plus the interest during the period of 4 years.
It is important to notice that the loan is done at simple interest, so the interest does not capitalize.

Answer:
D. cash flows from operating activities
Explanation:
Operating activities include the functions of a business with respect to providing its goods and services to the market. Operating activities for a company include sales, manufacturing, marketing activities and advertising. The category that is generally considered to be the best measure of a company's ability to continue as a going concern is cash flows from operating activities.