Carbon 14 has a half life of 5,730 years. Scientists measure how much carbon 14 the rock has. For objects older than 50,000 years, scientists will test the age of the things surrounding it.
The <u>Henderson-Hasselbalch equation</u> and pKa can be used to determine the % ionization if it is assumed that the amino and carboxyl groups are not preventing ionization.
- aspartate at ph 5.4 = 98.3%
- glutamate at ph 11.8 = 100%
- histidine at ph 8.0 = 99%
Henderson-Hasselbalch equation- Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation to determine the pH of a solution. Knowing the pH of a solution is particularly significant for many chemical processes as well as for biological systems. The estimated pH value of a buffer solution may be determined using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation.
pH- A solution's acidity or alkalinity may be determined based on the concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution, or pH. Typically, the pH scale runs from 0 to 14.
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Answer:
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Explanation:
The metal heats faster than the water because it requires less energy to heat it up (it has a lower heat capacity). 4. Why do you think different substances heat up and cool down at different rates? ... Water has a very high potential energy due the intermolecular forces between the polar water molecules.
