Question

Insertion and deletion mutations are said to cause shifts in the reading gram of the mRNA. Substitution mutations do not cause these so called frame shifts. Explain why insertion and deletions are frameshift mutations, using the terms reading frame, codons, and amino acids

Answer 1

Explanation:

A frameshift mutation  is an insertion or deletion in a sequence of DNA which disrupts the way the code is read. It occurs when the codons undergo a disruption through the deletion or insertion of one or multiple nucleotides (given that the number removed or added are not multiples of 3) - this alters the open reading frame; the amino acids produced through translation simply occur in a different sequence.

Further Explanation:

During the process of cell division, spontaneous changes within the genome can arise. These mutations are errors occur when copies of the DNA within the cell are made; mutations may range from small changes called single nucleotide polymorphisms, to large scale deletions, and additions which span multiple genes. There are two types:

• somatic: these only occur within certain cells, and arise from environmental factors such as UV light
• hereditary: occur within germ cells of the parent and later the fertilized egg which forms a zygote; these are present within all cells of the new organism.

Learn more about mutations at brainly.com/question/4602376

Learn more about DNA and RNA at brainly.com/question/2416343?source=aid8411316

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