It is either <span>Igneous rock or </span><span>Sedimentary rock. But if I were to choose one, I would choose Igneous.</span>
By performing controlled experiment that are tested by gathering more data based on observations
A force of 8 N will be required.
<h3><u>Explanation:</u></h3>
Mechanical advantage is defined as the ratio of output force from a system to the input force into the system. A machine which has the mechanical advantage more than 1 means it requires less force to give more force as output. Similarly, when the mechanical advantage for the machine is less than 1,it means more force is required to give to achieve a less one.
Here in the question, the mechanical advantage of the pulley is 2.
Output force required to pull the sack of potatoes upto kitchen is 16N.
Mechanical advantage = Output force / input force.
Or, 2= 16 / input force.
So input force = 
So a force of 8 N will be required to pull the pulley.
Answer:
The conclusion that cuckolder are able to discriminate kin from non kin
Explanation:
From the above question, researchers carried out tests on the two types of fish (males cuckolder and parental males) to see if they can identify kin and non kin from the offsprings, using a null test.
But the test for cuckolder was rejected by the researchers for the cuckolder so they can't say cuckolder can indentify between kins and non kins, they didn't pass the test so it should be concluded that cuckolder can't identify between kin and non kin, instead of concluding they can identify them, that is the wrong conclusion.