Question

Describe in words the translation of X represented by the translation rule T ...?

Answer 1

Answer: B. 4 units to the right, 5 units down

The vector notation <4, -5> is the same as writing $(x,y) \to (x+4, y-5)$ which in my opinion is more descriptive in saying "4 units to the right, 5 units down"

We shift 4 units to the right because of the x+4. Whatever x is, add 4 to it getting x+4. So for instance x = 10 leads to x+4 = 10+4 = 14.

The y-5 is why we shift 5 units down. Eg: y = 37 leads to y-5 = 37-5 = 32.