Answer: This is a " WORD-FOR-WORD PLAGIARISM".
Explanation: Word-for-word plagiarism is a type of plagiarism were someone copies another person's work word-for-word, without acknowledging the source it is been copied from.
The student has copied the original source word-for-word without acknowledging the source. The word been copied is "where variables are measured separately and then a mathematical model is chosen to portray the relationship among the variables". Which is the same in both version.
Though the student has used it in a different form to describe and define a different context from the main source. It is still plagiarism, because the student has copied it from the main source without acknowledgement
October 5, 1974
To the British governm
Esteemed,
I am writing this letter to take a stand against the positioning of the British crown in the American colonies and to express our dissatisfaction with the oppressive system that we are living in, due to the exaggerated colonialism of the British government.
First, I would like to complain about the absurd and immoral taxes that are being charged to us. America cannot pay for the excesses that the English establish, our work must be done to establish our own nation and not to finance its activities.
I would also like to express our rejection of a totalitarian government and submission to a king who does not know our struggles, our families and our lives. We must not submit to any man, except ourselves, and for this reason we reject monarchy in our territory.
Finally, I would like to criticize the exploration of our land for the enrichment and strengthening of yours. America must strengthen itself and that will only be possible when we get rid of British domination and become independent.
Thankful.
M.J. Jackson.
Best answer: B. A state is sued for intentionally creating a Congressional district with a majority African-American population.
Background/context:
The landmark case regarding voting district lines was <em>Baker v. Carr </em>(1962), which pertained to voting districts in Tennessee. The plaintiff, Charles Baker, argued that voting districts, which had not been redrawn since 1901, heavily favored rural locations over urban centers which had grown significantly since then. Joe Carr was Secretary of State for Tennessee at the time, so was named in the case in regard to voting district lines as drawn by the state legislature. The Supreme Court ruled that voting districts were not merely a political matter to be decided by legislatures, but that they were subject to review by federal courts to determine their fairness.
The matter of redrawing district lines has come up in court cases recently as some state legislatures, when dominated by one political party, have "gerrymandered" district lines to try to maintain continued prominence for their party. Legislatures dominated by one party may redraw district lines (following the US Census) in ways that favor their party's candidates maintaining an advantage. Earlier this year, lawsuits were filed against the states of Alabama, Georgia, and Louisiana, accusing those states of trying to isolate African-American voters to limit their impact on Congressional elections. According to <em>Courthouse News Service </em>(June 14, 2018), "In Georgia, Alabama and Louisiana, local lawyers filed lawsuits in federal court against each states’ Secretary of States ... alleging the Republican efforts in 2011 to redraw congressional lines left many of the minority black voters packed into one district and breaking up pockets of others."
