Answer:
mutations can affect an organism by changing its physical characteristics (or phenotype) or it can impact the way dna codes the genetic information (genotype). when mutations occur they can cause termination (death) of an organism or they can be partially lethal.
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The correct answer is D), because, as he is throwing the ball, the potential energy, that was stored in the ball, changes into kinetic energy, but there is no energy increase or decrease.
Answer:
- A Tongue-shaped structure called radula for grasping food --> Mollusca
- Fleshy lobe-like structure called parapodia --> Annelida
- Spongin fibers or spicules for support ---> Porifera
Explanation:
Radula: This is an organ used in feeding by mollusks. It constitutes a highly developed feeding organ. The radula has is conformed of small teeth-like structures located in rows. Lateral teeth vary in shape and size. The movements of the radula during feeding are complexes acting as a scratcher on the surface to get the food.
Parapodia: These are characteristic lateral appendixes that emerge and extend from each of the body segments of invertebrates such as polychaetes. The typical parapodium is a fleshy prolongation more or less laterally comprised and is composed of a superior branch (notopodium) and an inferior branch (parapodium).
Spicules: Sponges (Poriferous) skeleton is composed of calcium carbonate and siliceous micro-structures called spicules. Their morphology is so varied that it is used in taxonomy for identification and classification.
There are different kinds of spicules:
- Monoaxonic spicule: needle-shaped, straights or curves
- Tetraxonic spicules: they have four prolongations
- Triaxonic or Hexaxonic spicules
- Poliaxonic spicules
Two terms can be applied to any of these spicules kinds:
- Megaspicules: They are elongated and compose the main architecture of the sponge skeleton
- Microspicules: Variable in shape and size, with ancillary functions
Sponges have few predators because of the spicule structures and their high toxicity. Many of them are capable of perforating soft tissues and producing urticant substances.
Answer:
<u>1. type IV hypersensitivity: delayed-type hypersensitivity. </u>
<u>2. type I hypersensitivity: IgE </u>
<u>3. type II hypersensitivity: IgG </u>
<u>4. type III hypersensitivity: immune complexes </u>
Explanation:
Type IV hypersensitivity is cell mediated hypersensitivity rather than antibodies as in all other types of hypersensitivities. It is also known as delayed type hypersensitivity because it usually respond in 2-3 days via T-Lymphocytes rather than antibodies like IgE or IgG. So we can say that in option 5 is mismatched as it relates type IV to IgG antibodies.
Answer:
Species could go extinct when their environment changed if they could not adapt to the change.
