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High Renaissance represents the height of the artistic and cultural renaissance in Italy being the second period of the Renaissance, developed during the 1400s. It is a phase of consolidation of the arts, with the diffusion of various works and artists, including Leonardo da Vinci, Sandro Botticelli, Filippo Brunelleschi and Massacio. It represents the height of the artistic and cultural renaissance in Italy and therefore can be called the High Renaissance. Increasingly, other European countries are beginning to join the movement, producing works that approach the Italian Renaissance. In addition to deepening the aspects surrounding Renaissance humanism, the pursuit of beauty and perfection of forms, inspired by the Greco-Roman culture, are a hallmark of the period. Although the themes explored are related to religion, many artists of this phase used mythology and other pagan themes to express in their works. The wealthy patrons (kings, princes, counts, dukes, bishops, nobles, and bourgeois) who financed the arts were essential to the development of Renaissance art of this period.