McCarthyism is the answer because it caused by Senator McCarthy who feared communism would spread so that was the term it was given.
A political and social center for African American artists and philosophers
The interior of Australia is called Outback: the correct answer is B.
You can actually solve this question by just understanding that all the other options mention words related to the sea: coral reef, atoll, islands: so they're more likely to be on the shore of Australia, not in the middle.