The answer is by rejecting papal authority over the community of believers.
Martin Luther wrote his 95 theses criticizing the Catholic Church and their practices. One of the biggest complaints he had was the church's use of indulgences. This is when an individual could pay the church in order to be forgiven for their sins. This is why he rejected the authority of the pope over the citizens, as he believed the corruption within the church was unethical.
Because they’re two different countries
March 17, 1930 is when the empire state building was built.
