Answer: DNA; mRNA; tRNA; rRNA
1. DNA participates in transcription.
2. mRNA determines the amino acid sequence of our proteins.
3. tRNA transfers the instructions for protein synthesis to the ribosome.
4. rRNA is part of the ribosome.
Explanation:
DNA, also known as deoxyribonucleic acid, is the genetic material found in living organisms. It carries the genetic information that determines the traits of such organisms and their offsprings.
Thus, DNA undergoes transcription, a process by which its information is copied as messenger RNA (mRNA). Then the mRNA undergoes translation, where its sequence is converted into amino acid sequence of a polypeptide. Then, the transfer RNA (tRNA) combines covalently with a specific amino acid and transfers the amino acid to the ribosomes, which has ribosomal RNA (rRNA) that helps in protein synthesis.