The most logical answer to me would be A, however I recommend you don’t go with my answer JUST YET because this is an educational guess. Take time to think about my answer. Sorry if it’s wrong
        
             
        
        
        
Answer:
The answer is given below;
Explanation:
Preferred Stock   Dr.$39,000,000
Common Stock    Cr.$33,000,000
Paid in capital in excess of par-Common stock  (39,000,000-33,000,000)        Cr.$6,000,000  
As the book value of preferred stock is greater than the price paid at the time of conversion into common stock,therefore excess amount is paid in capital in excess of par for common stocks.As the preferred stock is reduced by their book value,therefore it is debited and common stock is credited with its cost.  
 
        
             
        
        
        
Answer:
4.5%
Explanation:
Stock R (Beta) = 1.5 
Stock S  (Beta) = 0.75
Expected rate of return on an average stock (Rm)= 10%
Risk free rate (Rf) = 4%
Required Return (Re) = Rf +(Rm-Rf) B
Required Return = 0.04 + (0.10-0.04) B
Required Return = 0.04 + 0.06B
Stock R = 0.04 + (0.06 * 1.50)
Stock R = 0.04 + 0.09
Stock R = 0.13
Stock R = 13%
Stock S = 0.04 + (0.06 * 0.75)
Stock S = 0.04 + 0.045
Stock S = 0.085
Stock S = 8.5%
Here, the more risky stock is R and less risky stock is S. Since, R has more beta than the Stock S.
= 13% - 8.5% 
= 4.5%
 
        
             
        
        
        
I think it could possibly be d?
        
                    
             
        
        
        
Answer: Direct materials quantity variance.
Explanation:
Direct Material quantity variance is the difference between the actual quantity of materials used in production and the standard quantity that was supposed to be used, multiplied by the standard price of the material. 
It is a method that checks the company's efficiency is being able to use raw materials to produce goods. If the Actual quantity needed is greater than the Standard quantity, this will be considered an Unfavorable Variance and mean that the company was not efficient in using the materials.
Causes of this can be low quality of materials and inadequate employee training.