A cost incurred in the past that is not relevant to any current decision is classified as a(n): Sunk costs
This is further explained below.
<h3>What are
Sunk costs?</h3>
Generally, A cost that has already been incurred but cannot be recouped is referred to as a "sunk cost" in economics and the process of making business decisions. In contrast to sunk costs, prospective costs are future expenses that might be avoided if action is done, while sunk costs have already been incurred.
In conclusion, A cost that was incurred in the past but is not relevant to any choice that is being made at this time is considered to be a(n): Incurred expenses
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The three main sources of federal tax revenue are individual income taxes, payroll taxes, and corporate income taxes. Other sources of tax revenue include excise taxes, the estate tax, and other taxes and fees.
Answer:
The retained earnings statement showed a closing retained earnings of $226,120.00 as at 2017 year end.
Explanation:
In arriving at the closing retained earnings , I treated prior items retrospectively- that is as if the impact of such items have been in the accounts from day one,less the tax effect of all items involved.
For instance ,I deducted the understatement of depreciation in 2015 less of tax impact of 40%
Kindly find attached for details.
Answer:
Task a:
The answer is $24,500.
Task b:
The answer is 17%
Explanation:
<h2>Task a:</h2><h3>What is the maximum amount of new capital that can be raised at the LOWEST component cost of EQUITY?</h3><h3>Solution:</h3>
We already know the following:
Projected net income = $21,000
Payout ratio = 30%
Retention ratio = 70%
Debt share = 40%
Equity share = 60%
Maximum amount of capital to be raised at the lowest component cost of equity = Projected net income ×
= $21,000 × 
= $24,500
<h3>Answer:</h3>
The maximum amount of new capital that can be raised at the lowest component of equity is $24,500.
<h2>Task b:</h2><h3>What is the component cost of equity by selling new common stock?</h3><h3>Solution:</h3>
k(e) (component cost of external equity) = [Dividend (D0)(1 + growth) / stock price(1 - flotation cost)] + growth
Formula:
k(e) = 
+ 0.05
Where
Do = $2.00
G = 0.05
P = $21/88
= ($2.00(1 + 0.05) / $21.88(1-.20)) + 0.05
= ($2.10/$21.88(1-.20)) + 0.05
= ($2.10/$21.88(0.80) + 0.05
= 0.17 or 17%
<h3>Answer: </h3>
The component cost of equity by selling new common stock = 17%
Answer: An unfavorable variance can be used to detect a drop in estimated income early, and then solutions to the challenge can be identified.
Explanation:
An unfavorable variance is the difference between a company's projected expectation and the actual outcome of a financial activity of the company, where the actual outcome is less favorable than the projected expectation.
The information from an unfavorable variance can help alert a company to a negative outcome early, and the company's leadership can then find ways of solving the cause of the negative outcome.
