Question

On what matters did the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church agree?

Answer 1

In the first 1000 years of Christianity, the Orthodox Catholic Church and the Roman Catholic Church were one Church, because of this both churches share many things in common.

They agree on the divine and human natures of Jesus, the apostolic succession; The triple ministry of bishops, priests and deacons; The sinless life of the Blessed Virgin Mary and the honor that is due to her as the Mother of Christ; the invocation of the saints; The acceptance of the seven sacraments of faith; The confession of sins before a priest; The use of icons in worship; And the solemn celebration of the communion and affirmation of its sacrificial nature as identical to the sacrifice of Christ, where the Eucharistic bread and wine become the body and blood of Jesus Christ.

Answer 2

If your choices are the same as I've seen elsewhere, the items to check that apply are:

• belief in one God
• belief in Christ the Savior
• the Gospels as Scripture

Some detail about what differered between the two sides and why they ended up splitting in what became known as "The Great Schism."  

Mainly the Great Schism was caused by disputes over authority in the church. There were also doctrinal issues of dispute.  For instance, the East objected to the addition of the Latin word "filioque" (meaning "and the Son") to the Nicene Creed, in which churches in the West confessed that the Holy Spirit proceeded from the Father and the Son (rather than from the Father alone, as confessed in the East).  The West objected to the worship given to icons in the Eastern churches.   There were also language differences, since Greek was the language of the church in the East and Latin the language of the church in the West.

Ultimately, though, the biggest reason was the struggle over authority in the church.  In 1054 CE, there were mutual declarations of excommunication between the pope (in Rome) and the patriarch (in Constantinople) that  resulted in "The Great Schism" -- a monumental split between the western church (the Roman Catholic Church and what has become known as the Eastern Orthodox Church.   "Catholic" means universal -- the Roman pope was intent on asserting his leadership over all of Christendom.  "Orthodox" means "right teaching."  The Eastern patriarch and church were asserting their teachings to be right over against positions held in the West.  There were a number of doctrinal issues debated hotly between East and West over the centuries leading up to final break between the two halves of the church. But more than anything, the split came down to "church power" -- who held control over the church.