D is the correct answer for this
The establishment of the northern west territories
It allowed books (ideas) to be printed en masse. Reformation vouchers were able to spread their ideals to many readers, causing many to be won over by their words. In essence, they outpaced their competitors.
In 13 short years Alexander conquered a mere 3,000 miles which stretched from Greece, through the Middle East, and to Central Asia and the Indian subcontinent.