Explanation:
Germany's condition of reduction of population is because of pandemic effect on global recolation.
Positive:There would not be much pandemics, diseases,& so on.
Negative: There would be an effect on economy, there'll be few or less workers,so on.(This would be a larger effect than the positives of course)
One reason of undergrowth is of jobless rate & bare utilisation anticipation.
I think this is the answer.
The answer to your question is: D. rainfall and ocean waves.
Looking at both figures shows that rain and the waves have changed the terrain.
11.86 Earth years or once every 4,330.6 Earth days