The Dutch were the first to settle Cape Town in the year 1652. The British didn't capture Cape Town until 1795.
A parliamentary republic is one where a parliament has its own head of state that is not connected to the president. This is usually in the form of a prime minister and often this prime minister has even more power than the president. An example can be Germany that has a chancellor that is more important than the president and the president has almost no power.
They are significant because they help show how early humans lived their lives and told story's and showed how they lived.
Well, this party split into the Democratic Party and the National Republican party.
The latter later became the Whig party, and I have a feeling that this is what the question wants to hear. The Whig party later merged into the Republican party.