Answer:
1. Surface (substratum) is preconditioned by environment molecules.
4. Microbes attach and detach from the preconditioned surface.
2.Quorum sensing and the establishment of the extracellular matrix commences as microbes attach more stably.
3. Biofilm matures and some microorganisms escape to the plank-tonic state.
Explanation:
Biofilm is a process in which microorganism irreversibly attach and grow on the surface to produce extra cellular polymers that facilitate formation of matrix. The biofilm process takes three days for the formation after which thickness of plaque increases. There are 4 main steps in biofilm formation. Surface is preconditioned by environment molecules. The microbes attach the preconditioned surface. Establishment of extra cellular matrix and finally biofilm matures.
Answer:
Veins are blood vessels in humans, and most other animals that carry blood towards the heart. Most veins carry deoxygenated blood from the tissues back to the heart; exceptions are the pulmonary and umbilical veins, both of which carry oxygenated blood to the heart. In contrast to veins, arteries carry blood away from the heart.
Explanation:
Answer:
Pros:
Can extend lives
Can create organs
Help eliminate weak genes
Cure disorders
Cons:
Limits sense of individuality
Potential for faster aging
Can be used for exploitation
Debatable ethically
Hope this helps :0)
Answer:
18 ATP.
Explanation:
Total 18 ATP are produced because 9 FADH2 are converted into 9 ATP molecules and the earlier 9 ATP molecules are already present in the first b-oxidation process. The first Krebs cycle produces 27 NADH, 9 FADH2 and 9 ATP while on the other hand, the second Krebs cycle produces 9 ATP molecules from 9 FADH2 so total it produces 18 ATP molecules.
