<span>"Social contract theory, nearly as old as philosophy itself, is the view that persons' moral and/or political obligations are dependent upon a contract or agreement among them to form the society in which they live. Socrates uses something quite like a social contract argument to explain to Crito why he must remain in prison and accept the death penalty. However, social contract theory is rightly associated with modern moral and political theory and is given its first full exposition and defense by Thomas Hobbes. After Hobbes, John Locke and Jean-Jacques Rousseau are the best known proponents of this enormously influential theory, which has been one of the most dominant theories within moral and political theory throughout the history of the modern West. In the twentieth century, moral and political theory regained philosophical momentum as a result of John Rawls’ Kantian version of social contract theory, and was followed by new analyses of the subject by David Gauthier and others. More recently, philosophers from different perspectives have offered new criticisms of social contract theory. In particular, feminists and race-conscious philosophers have argued that social contract theory is at least an incomplete picture of our moral and political lives, and may in fact camouflage some of the ways in which the contract is itself parasitical upon the subjugations of classes of persons."</span>
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The Seneca Falls Convention was the first women's rights convention in the United States. Held in July 1848 in Seneca Falls, New York, the meeting launched the women's suffrage movement, which more than seven decades later ensured women the right to vote.
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Explanation:
As an East India Company rescue force from Allahabad approached Cawnpore, 120 British women and children captured by the Sepoy forces were killed in what came to be known as the Bibighar Massacre, their remains being thrown down a nearby well in an attempt to hide the evidence.
Result: Rebel victory; Surrender and killing of t...
Date: 5–25 June 1857
Location: Cawnpore, India
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The Know-Nothing Party was founded in 1849 by nativist Americans.
Explanation:
The Know Nothing movement was a predominantly Nativist American political movement of the 1840s and 1850s. It emerged inspired by the fear of Irish-Catholic immigrants, whose number was growing in the main cities of United States, considering them as hostile to American values, thinking that they were controlled by the Pope. It was a movement of short duration, active mainly between 1854-56. It demanded legal reforms but few were accepted. Among its members were few relevant political figures, and its members were mostly middle class and Protestant. Apparently it was absorbed by the Northern Republican Party.