Environmental factors often influence traits independently of genes. Either of these effects can change the proteins that are made from a gene, which in turn affects traits.
How do environment and gene determine our personality?
Some genes increase the characteristic and others work to decrease the same characteristic-complex relationship among the various genes, as well as a variety of random factors, produce the final outcome.
Because of their genetic makeup, individuals differ in their responsiveness to the qualities of the environment. There are unique, genetically influenced reactions to particular experiences to which we are exposed.
The presence of drugs and chemicals in an organism's environment can also influence gene expression in the organism. The environment can affect morphological and physiological development whereas genes influence morphology and physiology, creating a framework within which the environment acts to shape the behavior of an individual.
Hence in this way, genes and environmental influences work together to determine our characteristics.
Learn more about genetic influences from the link given below:
brainly.com/question/28218372?utm_source=android&utm_medium=share&utm_campaign=question
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Answer:
D. None of the above
Explanation:
<u>Reason that Drastic Change in weather may cause mass extinction</u>
Weather plays an important role in the survivability & the growth/diminish of the population. For example, animals that need large amounts/bodies of water (for example fishes), will not survive when the area is hit with a heat wave & drought, which would cause fishes to surface, and die.
<u>Reason that Geological change would play a large role in mass extinctions</u>
While the Geography is constantly changing, large abrupt changes would cause a upheaval and may upset the population, leading to a depletion of resources or even a sudden destruction of part/all of the population. For example, an earthquake may kill large amounts of animals, and the destruction of the greenery in the area may severely limit the amount of food/decrease the primary consumer's populations, leading to a starvation.
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The mitochondrion is a membrane-bound organelle that provides energy by ATP synthesis (oxidative phosphorylation)
The lysosome contains about 40 hydrolytic enzymes that help with cellular digestion.
The Golgi apparatus plays an important role in the excretion and packaging of vesicles.
Answer:
Until recently, most neuroscientists thought we were born with all the neurons we were ever going to have. As children we might produce some new neurons to help build the pathways - called neural circuits - that act as information highways between different areas of the brain. But scientists believed that once a neural circuit was in place, adding any new neurons would disrupt the flow of information and disable the brain’s communication system.
In 1962, scientist Joseph Altman challenged this belief when he saw evidence of neurogenesis (the birth of neurons) in a region of the adult rat brain called the hippocampus. He later reported that newborn neurons migrated from their birthplace in the hippocampus to other parts of the brain. In 1979, another scientist, Michael Kaplan, confirmed Altman’s findings in the rat brain, and in 1983 he found neural precursor cells in the forebrain of an adult monkey.
These discoveries about neurogenesis in the adult brain were surprising to other researchers who didn’t think they could be true in humans. But in the early 1980s, a scientist trying to understand how birds learn to sing suggested that neuroscientists look again at neurogenesis in the adult brain and begin to see how it might make sense. In a series of experiments, Fernando Nottebohm and his research team showed that the numbers of neurons in the forebrains of male canaries dramatically increased during the mating season. This was the same time in which the birds had to learn new songs to attract females.
Why did these bird brains add neurons at such a critical time in learning? Nottebohm believed it was because fresh neurons helped store new song patterns within the neural circuits of the forebrain, the area of the brain that controls complex behaviors. These new neurons made learning possible. If birds made new neurons to help them remember and learn, Nottebohm thought the brains of mammals might too.
Other scientists believed these findings could not apply to mammals, but Elizabeth Gould later found evidence of newborn neurons in a distinct area of the brain in monkeys, and Fred Gage and Peter Eriksson showed that the adult human brain produced new neurons in a similar area.
For some neuroscientists, neurogenesis in the adult brain is still an unproven theory. But others think the evidence offers intriguing possibilities about the role of adult-generated neurons in learning and memory.
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