Answer:
measures brain activity by detecting changes associated with blood flow.
Explanation:
During a myocardial infarction, proteins that are normally inside the cells leak into the plasma, due to loss of plasma membrane integrity.
<h3>Cardiac disorders and it's effects:</h3>
There are different types of cardiac or heart disorders that occurs due to different etiological origins.
Example of a cardiac disorder is the myocardial infarction.
Myocardial infarction is defined as the blockage of blood flow to the heart by the presence of blood clot.
This hinders the delivery of oxygen carried by the blood to tissue cells leading to apoptosis (which is a programmed cell death).
This will cause the plasma membrane of cells to lose its integrity leading to leaking of proteins into the plasma.
Learn more about myocardial infarction here:
brainly.com/question/1373449
Answer & Explanation:
a) a) Mutualistic relationship differs from parasitism because the first one benefits both of the involved organisms. Otherwise, parasitism benefits only one of the organisms and it can harm the host. Therefore, the parasite would have to be smaller than the host and it would be somehow extracting energy from the host.
b) The direction of evolutionary changes would follow some kind of pattern, like coevolution. Therefore, analyzing the phylogenies individually and then contrasting them, would help to understand how the host, as well as the parasite, have been evolving.
c) The phylogeny would also help to understand what changed first, or if they changed together as a result of coevolution.
Answer: Positive feedback loop
Explanation:
Even before the food reaches the stomach (before ingesting it), the glands of the stomach mucosa begin to release its gastric secretion. The main characteristic of this secretion is acidity, as measured by pH (one of the physiological variables).
This acidity is a result of the presence of hydrochloric acid, which is part of the secretion composition. In addition to it, water, pepsinogen (which will give rise to the enzyme pepsin) and the intrinsic factor. The acid has a function of the protection of the entire system by eliminating microorganisms. It is also responsible for the activation of pepsin (which only occurs with acid pH), the enzyme that digests proteins containing the amino acids leucine or phenylalanine or tryptophan or tyrosine.
The concept of Positive feedback loop states that the body tries to increase the value of a variable (acidity, in the case of pepsinogen) when it is below its optimal value (called a point adjustment) and decreases this value when it is above optimal.
Glucose levels increase simple sugar
