The Hamburg Massacre (or Red Shirt Massacre or Hamburg riot) was a key event in the African American town of Hamburg, South Carolina in July 1876, leading up to the last election season of the Reconstruction Era. It was the first of a series of civil disturbances planned and carried out by white Democrats in the majority-black Republican Edgefield District, with the goal of suppressing black voting, disrupting Republican meetings, and suppressing black Americans civil rights, through actual and threatened violence.[1]
Beginning with a dispute over free passage on a public road, the massacre was rooted in racial hatred and political motives. A court hearing attracted armed white "rifle clubs," colloquially called the "Red Shirts". Desiring to regain control of state governments and eradicate the civil rights of black Americans, over 100 white men attacked about 30 black servicemen of the National Guard at the armory, killing two as they tried to leave that night. Later that night, the Red Shirts tortured and murdered four of the militia while holding them as prisoners, and wounded several others. In total, the events in Hamburg resulted in the death of one white man and six black men with several more blacks being wounded. Although 94 white men were indicted for murder by a coroner's jury, none were prosecuted.
The events were a catalyst in the overarching violence in the volatile 1876 election campaign. There were other episodes of violence in the months before the election, including an estimated 100 blacks killed during several days in Ellenton, South Carolina, also in Aiken County. The Southern Democrats succeeded in "redeeming" the state government and electing Wade Hampton III as governor. During the remainder of the century, they passed laws to establish single-party white rule, impose legal segregation and "Jim Crow," and disenfranchise blacks with a new state constitution adopted in 1895. This exclusion of blacks from the political system was effectively maintained into the late 1960s.
Hi there! These are the 7 articles of the Constitution.
1)Create a legislative branch with two houses
2)Create a judicial branch with a federal court system.
3)Tell how to propose and ratify amendments.
4)State the process to ratify the Constitution.
5)Create an executive branch with one president.
6)Say the Constitution is the supreme law of the land.
7) Create a firm league of friendship between states (unify the states)
Increasing the accessibility of patient information, reducing offsite storage costs, and freeing up department storage space are all benefits ofimplementing A. Computerized Medical Records
Answer:
In the late 1980s, Mongolia had developed into an agricultural-industrial economy, but the inefficiencies of a centrally planned and managed economy and the example of perestroika in the Soviet Union led Mongolian leaders to undertake a reform program to develop the economy further.
Explanation:
When analyzing the life cycle for a neighborhood, stability stage is characterized by equilibrium of supply and demand.
Stability way that you feel satisfied with what you have. you might need more, however you perceive your current situation to be ok, to be doable, to provide you comfort and pleasure. It provides fulfillment. Consider the main areas of your existence – your work, your relationships, and your current situation.The great, country, or degree of being stable: which include. a : the energy to stand or undergo : firmness. b : the property of a body that causes it while disturbed from a condition of equilibrium or constant motion to develop forces or moments that repair the original situation. Most importantly, stability reduces pressure and anxiety. You know what to anticipate on any given day and you could experience especially confident you can deal with whatever occurs. Stress and anxiety are major triggers for most people and minimizing them, mainly early on, makes it simpler to stay on track. balance implies personality traits present during infancy endure throughout the lifespan. In contrast, change theorists argue that personalities are changed through interactions with family, experiences at college, and acculturation.
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