<span>Cyst formation in a paramecium enables genetic exchange by conjugation.</span><span>
Through the reproduction of cysts, the survival of brine shrimps increase even when dealing in extreme conditions. The cysts can remain in total stasis for two years in oxygen less surroundings, they can survive freezing temperature and boiling tempreture. When conditions improve and eggs are placed in salt water, they hatch within a few hours and increase the population of brine shrimps. </span>
The fundamental and functioning unit of genetics is called genes. They are units of DNA that produce proteins that control the characteristics of organisms.
<h3>What is the role of genes?</h3>
Genes are the basic and fundamental of inheritance and are made up of deoxyribonucleic acid. The variation of the gene of the same trait forms the alleles.
They code for the proteins that produce protein or RNA structures. Genes are located on the chromosome structure and code for proteins that play an important function and role in cell activity.
Therefore, option D. genes are a section of DNA that codes for proteins is correct.
Learn more about genes here:
brainly.com/question/787658
Glassy, because of the crystals being clear and shiny and fast cooling
Answer:
NADP is the cofactors in photosynthesis which loses electrons,becomes reduced(NADPH) in photosynthesis. It transfer electrons in reduced form(NADPH) into the stroma of the chloroplast. The H is splits into e- and H+
These electrons for the ETC chains, generates the PMF for pumping H+ as protrons into the thylakoid intramembranes.
Outer membrane covers the intramembrane space, between these two membranes layers. The protons in the intramembrane space generate the electrochemical gradient for the supply of the energy used by ATPase synthase for ATP synthesis from phosphorylation with ADP.
The chloroplast is made up of both the outer and inner membrane,separated by the intramembrane space. The walls of the intramembrane space is guided by the outer envelope.
Therefore with the outer envelope removed, the intramembrane is exposed,more protons(H+) are released, but can not be held in the outer envelope to form electrochemical gradients,beacause the intramembrane space is now permable.
Thus the rate of reduction of DCPIP is faster.The color changes to colorless increases when reduced , from blue color.
Explanation: