Spermatogenesis produces<span> four </span>gametes<span>, while </span>oogenesis produces one with two to three polar bodies left over. because oocytes contain not only genetic material but also mitochondria.
The number of mitochondria per cell varies widely; for example, in humans, erythrocytes (red blood cells) do not contain any mitochondria, whereas liver cells and muscle cells may contain hundreds or even thousands. The only eukaryotic organism known to lack mitochondria is the oxymonad Monocercomonoides species.
Answer:
increase of greenhouse gases
increased temperature
melting of polar iced caps
raised sea levels
frost free/ growing season will lengthen
more drought and heat waves
increased intensity of hurricanes
heres more-
https://climate.nasa.gov/effects/
The serotonin binds to a G-protein -coupled receptor and activates a G-subunit . This results in activation of PKA and closing of the potassium channels. This will subsequently decrease the influx of potassium ions into the cell, and lead to depolarization of the cell. This changes the membrane potential of the cell.
Aplysia are sea slugs which fall under the category of mollusks. Serotonin is a hormone which is responsible for the transfer of electrical signals from the brain to different parts. In this particular mollusk, serotonin was studied to find that it is an essential neurotransmitter that is responsible for the maintenance of synaptic plasticity in the neurons. Synaptic plasticity is the feature which is essential for the communication of neurons. This is the modification which occurs at the synapses during the transmission of synapses. Without this activity, the transmission of signals would be impossible.
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If dominant allele = p, and recessive allele = q,
and p+q = 1, then:

So if 75% have the p, then p^2 = homozygous dominant

And if the other 25% have the q, the q^2 = homozygous recessive

Now those remaining MUST be the heterozygous, thus 2pq are those:
2pq = 2(.75)(.25) = .375
Therefore homozygous dominant are 56.3% and heterozygous are 37.5%