The location and types of volcanoes are related to plate tectonics as well, so in that sense volcanoes also help us to understand about the tectonic history of a region because if there are volcanoes someplace even if they're not currently active we know that that must have been some sort of a plate uwu
Competition requires instant succession within organism but parasitism can still be a gradual process due to its types exo and endo
THE ANSWER IS COMPETITION
Eukaryotes can’t have bacterial or archaea. This is because eukaryotes and bacterial are 2 different cells as bacteria are prokaryotes...
“Destiny” is not a property of a population.