1. For the first one here the missing part would be Supreme Court. Article II of the Constitution establishes a single Supreme Court. In the Constitution it says :"The Judicial Power of the United States shall be vested in one supreme Court". To power to interpret the laws lays within the Supreme Court and the inferior courts.
2. The power to create lower courts, that is "inferior" courts is vested to the Congress of the United States. As it says in Article III: " and in such inferior Courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish." The lower courts that the Congress establishes are inferior to the Supreme Court and thus are termed "inferior", the rulings of the Supreme Court apply to all lower courts.
If you are talking about the first air pollution problem its is A, almost about 100 years ago.
1955
<span>On January 25, 1787, Daniel Shays and his insurrectionists confronted a Massachusetts state militia force outside the Springfield armory. Shays’ Rebellion had begun in the summer of 1786, when Shays, a former Continental Army captain, and other western Massachusetts veterans and farmers formed an insurrection against the government for failing to address their economic grievances. Upon the confrontation at the Springfield armory, the state militia forced Shays and his followers to retreat to Worcester County, where they would be dispersed on February 4, leading to the end of the rebellion.</span>
