They are both relatively strong bonds. however, hydrogen bonding is more stronger then ionic bonds and the h only bonds with the "f o n" elements. Ionic bods on the other hand are bonds between a metal element and a non metal element.
A naturally formed solid made of one or more minerals is a rock.
Answers:
#1:
The process that takes place in the stroma in both sunlight and darkness is the Calvin cycle. In sunlight and darkness the Calvin cycle produces a light dependent reaction which then produces ATP and NADPH. Even in darkness the process will still be able to undergo completion. If it has been dark for too long there will not be enough ATP and NADPH to continue sugar production.
#2:
Pyruvate: If there is any oxygen molecules produced in glycolysis will be passed to the Kreb cycle but when there isnt enough oxegen the transport chain wont run which mean fermentation will occur since the NADH molecules have nowhere to go.
NADH: Will go into electron transport.
ATP: Stores energy for a period of time.
#3:
Mitosis and cytokinesis both go through cell division and during mitosis chromatis divides into daughter cells meanwhile cytokinesis has one cell split into two. Without cytokinesis, mitiosis would still happen but only create two nucli in one cell and if cytokinesis happens the cell would die.
Answer: Some environmental factors affecting the rate of nutrient cycling;
Temperature
Precipitation/water availability/moisture
Invertebrate processors
Plant species
Ph
Explanation:
<span>Anaerobic respiration in muscles. Glucose is not completely broken down, so much less energy is released than during aerobic respiration.</span>
