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aivan3 [116]
3 years ago
5

What is the adaptive advantage of lungs?

Biology
1 answer:
Finger [1]3 years ago
8 0
What you meant must be the adaptive advantage of the frogs' lungs. Frogs are considered as amphibians wherein the have this unique ability to reside either on land or in water. Their specialised lungs could be responsible to these which makes them capable of breathing oxygen in water and land.
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What are some major challenges facing microbiology today and explain one
prisoha [69]

Answer: Maintaining Compliance Levels in Microbiology Programs. ...

Promoting Advanced Aseptic Processing Technologies Within Your Organizations. ...

Increasing Microbial Testing Productivity, Flexibility, and Cost Effectiveness. ...

Implementing Rapid Microbial Methods.

Explanation:

The major importance of medical microbiology is that it helps in the identification, isolation, diagnosis and treatment of pathogenic microorganisms and also produces beneficial organisms such as yeasts and some antibiotics. Biomedical research derives from many areas of life and physical sciences, including biology

5 0
2 years ago
One of your lab partners has followed the recommended procedure of running Gram-positive and Gram-negative control organisms on
andreyandreev [35.5K]

Answer:

Reduced in holding time of decolrization step and also used less Alcohol because decolrization step is important in Gram's staining.The decolorization step must be performed carefully. Otherwise over-decolorization may occur. This step is critical and must be timed correctly otherwise the CV stain will be removed from the Gram-positive cells. If the decolorizing agent is applied on the cell for too long time, the Gram-positive organisms to appear Gram-negative..

Explanation:

Gram' staining is a technique used in microbiology labs to differentiate between Gram's positive and negative

<u>Gram-positive bacteria :</u>Stain dark purple due to retaining the primary dye called CV in the cell wall.

<u>:Gram-negative bacteria </u>Stain red or pink due to retaining the counter staining dye called Safranin or neutral red.

There are four basic step in Gram" staining

1) Application of the Primary Stain to a Heat-Fixed Smear of Bacterial Culture

2)Addition of Gram's Iodine

3)<u>Decolorization with 95% Ethyl Alcohol:</u>Alcohol or acetone dissolves the lipid outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, thus leaving the peptidoglycan layer exposed and increases the porosity of the cell wall. The CV-I complex is then washed away from the thin peptidoglycan layer, leaving Gram-negative bacteria colorless.

On the other hand, alcohol has a dehydrating effect on the cell walls of Gram-positive bacteria that causes the pores of the cell wall to shrink. The CV-I complex gets tightly bound into the multi-layered, highly cross-linked Gram-positive cell wall thus staining the cells purple.

The decolorization step must be performed carefully. Otherwise over-decolorization may occur. This step is critical and must be timed correctly otherwise the CV stain will be removed from the Gram-positive cells. If the decolorizing agent is applied on the cell for too long time, the Gram-positive organisms to appear Gram-negative. Under-decolorization occurs when the alcohol is not left on long enough to wash out the CV-I complex from the Gram-negative cells, resulting in Gram-negative bacteria to appear Gram-positive.

7 0
3 years ago
Some of the most intelligent invertebrates belong which group?
Crank
One of the most intelligent invertebrate animal is the octopus. These animals belong to the cephalopod class of molluscs. These animals demonstrate relatively complex reasoning especially when capturing prey. They also demonstrate their intelligence by their communicating skills and some even show signs of learning. 
6 0
3 years ago
Humoral immunity involves ________ cells and ___________
jarptica [38.1K]

Answer:

Humoral immunity involves <u>B cells</u> and<u> recognize antigens or pathogens in the lymph or blood.</u>

Explanation:

Humoral immunity is defined as the immunity which is mediated by several macromolecules presnet in the extracellular fluids such as antibodies, certain antimicrobial peptides, and  complement proteins.

Humoral immunity allows to distinguishes two groups of foreign substances. it involves <u>B cells</u> and<u> recognize antigens or pathogens in the lymph or blood. </u>

Humoral immunity begins when an antigens bind to B cells.  Interleukins or helper T cells provides a secondary signal to the B cells that activates a B cell and allows B cell proliferation.  which roduces produce plasma cells. The plasma cell then produces antibodies which are identical to the specific antigen. The antibodies are the released and circulate through the body, binding to antigens.  B cells the further produces memory cellss for future immunity.

So, Humoral immunity involves <u>B cells</u> and<u> recognize antigens or pathogens in the lymph or blood.</u>

8 0
3 years ago
Why shouldn't we wake up a person who is sleepwalking ?
bogdanovich [222]
When you wake up a sleep walker, they will be startled, and can have an outburst.
3 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
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