Answer:
A frameshift changes every codon past it. A base substitution only changes one codon.
Explanation:
DNA is comprised of nucleotides (A, C, T, G) that make up amino acids. Every three bases is called a codon and represents an amino acid.
In a frameshift mutation, a nucleotide is either added or deleted from the sequence. This offsets the entire sequence after it because the reading frame shifts. Here's an example:
ACTGCTATCGTCATC
If another T is added in between the first and second codons, then every codon after will be changed.
ACT>T<GCTATCGTCATC
A substitution mutation is usually less severe, as it only alters one codon in the sequence. These occur when one nucleotide is replaced by another one. Here's an example:
ACTGCTATCGTCATC
Let's say the first G is replaced by a T.
ACT>T<CTATCGTCATC
As you can see, none of the other codons changed.
Typically, a frameshift mutation is considered worse than a substitution mutation.
Answer:
Which region of the hip bone articulates with the sacrum? Ilium. The ilium is the largest region of this bone. It articulates with the sacrum at the articular surface.
Explanation:
Answer:
hydrogen
Explanation:
the more hydrogen ions then lower the ph and the fewer hydrogen lions the higher the ph.
Answer:
Phase of the cell cycle in which cells grow, duplicate organelles, and synthesize DNA.
S phase
Explanation:
DNA replication occurs in synthesis or in the S phase of the cell cycle. Each chromosome is copied with high fidelity in a process that involves a large number of enzymes. In this process the double strand of DNA breaks down and each individual strand is used as a template for the production of the complementary one. The result is the production of two identical copies of the genetic material.
Answer:
Cellular respiration that proceeds in the absence of oxygen is anaerobic respiration. Cellular respiration that proceeds in the presence of oxygen is aerobic respiration.
