Answer:
can cause large changes in enzymatic activity
Explanation:
An enzyme refers to a biological catalyst that is typically used to speed up (accelerate) the rate of a chemical reaction by lowering the activation energy of its reactants.
An allosteric effector can be defined as an agent, organ or molecule that is being binded to an enzyme at a site, thereby causing a reduction (negative effect) or an increase (positive effect) in an enzyme activity.
When the activation energy of a reaction is low, the rate of the reaction would be faster. Therefore, an enzyme speeds or catalyzes the rate of a reaction by lowering its activation energy.
Additionally, if the conditions are not optimal for an enzyme, it limits the ability of an enzyme to bind or be joined with its substrates.
Furthermore, an increase in temperature increases or speeds up the rate of a reaction while low temperature limits or reduces the rate of a reaction.
In the human body, the optimal temperature for enzymes is around 37 degrees celsius (°C).
In conclusion, an allosteric effector can cause large changes in enzymatic activity because it acts as an intermediary and mediates specific effect in a metabolic pathway.
Answer:
Ribosomes are found 'free' in the cytoplasm or bound to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to form rough ER.
Explanation:
In a mammalian cell there can be as many as 10 million ribosomes. Several ribosomes can be attached to the same mRNA strand, this structure is called a polysome.
Answer:
Explanation:
Galactosemia is an inherited metabolic disorder caused by changes, or mutations, in both copies of an individual’s GALT gene. In the majority of cases, children with galactosemia do not have parents with galactosemia. Mother and father separately are a silent carrier of the condition, which is expressed in the child (autosomal recessive inheritance).
Each individual has two copies of the GALT gene – one from father and one from mother. In case of any changes of these genes (mutations) that prevents the gene from working correctly. In order to inherit galactosemia, it is necessary for a child to have two GALT gene changes. In case of one GALT gene change there is no galactosemia.
Infants with galactosemia may be identified through newborn screening programs or by symptoms that present during the first few weeks of life. Untreated infants develop liver and kidney disease, cataracts in their eyes, and serious infections.
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