The Sumerians/Mesopotamians. They were in modern day Iraq
A signed agreement is a signature on a piece of paper and is a powerful legal piece between two parties.
B) The puritans. The amish did not believe in conformity and the puritans valued hard work. Hence the new world.
First came the Zollverein (Toll Union) in 1833 that, by abolishing tolls between the various German principalities, made Germany into a common market. For a period of decades, until about 1860's, there were attempts at imitating in Germany the industrialization that had taken place elsewhere in Europe.