Answer:
the act or process of changing to better suit a situation. 2 : a body part or feature or a behavior that helps a living thing survive and function better in its environment. adaptation. noun.
Explanation:
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Most organisms can tolerate a very narrow pH range close to neutral, i.e., around pH 7. It is likely that there would not be much life in the lake at pH 3. Once the pH increases to above 5.5 to 6, it is more likely that life would begin to survive. Once the pH rises to above around 9, the solution is starting to become basic, and once again, few organisms will survive.
In this case, researchers observed a trade-off between the ability to tolerate harsh dry conditions and the ability to colonize deeper water. This type of trade-off can increase the fitness of only one phenotypic trait.
An evolutionary trade-off can be defined as an evolutionary mechanism where a trait can increase its adaptive fitness in the detriment of decreased adaptive fitness in another phenotypic trait.
In trade-offs, the evolutionary adaptive processes cannot optimize a given trait without compromising another.
A well-known example of an evolutionary trade-off is the balance between the number of eggs that a bird can produce in a determined clutch.
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