Answer:
e. staphylococcal enterotoxin
Explanation:
Staphylococcal enterotoxin is a toxin that is produced by the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus. It is a toxin found inside the gastrointestinal tracts of the human body which is why it is called an enterotoxin and it results in food poisoning when consumed by humans.
Staphylococcal enterotoxin is proteinous in nature and it can be found on dairy products such as milk or cheeses that have been contaminated by Staphylococcus aureus.
After consumption of the contaminated milk or cheeses, the person begins to experience symptoms of nausea, diarrhea as well as vomiting.
Staphylococcal enterotoxin is a very heat stable toxin which means even though you heat up a food contaminated with this toxin, the bacteria may die by the toxins would still remain in the food.
The best way to avoid food poisoning by Staphylococcal enterotoxin is to avoid eating contaminated foods.
Answer:
<h2>c. Division of these two groups occurred after the protostome developmental sequence appeared. </h2>
Explanation:
- Protosomes are such types of organisms in which the mouth part developed first during embryonic development.
- Those animals in which anus develop first are known as deuterostomes.
- This differentiation takes place during the embryonic development of the organisms.
- Since lophotrochozoan and Ecdysozoa both are protostomes animals and categorized on the basis of molecular evidence.
- Thus these two groups were formed after the appearance of the protostomes.
The principles of probability can be used for B. Predicting the traits of the offspring of genetic crosses.
Answer: B. Predict the traits of the offspring of genetic crosses.
Answer: Protein folding and oligomerization
Explanation:
Binding immunoglobulin protein (BiP) is a vital protein present in humans essential for the translocation of secreted peptides.
BiP is a molecular chaperone which is present in lumen of ER (endoplasmic reticulum) which binds to the new protein and then translocat into the ER. The protein in ER is maintained under subsequent condition and important for protein folding and oligomerization (conversion of a monomer or group of monomer into an oligomer).
Several other functions of BiP are:
- ER translocation
- ER-associated degradation (ERAD)
- UPR pathway
Hence, BiP is a chaperone, it is important for protein folding and oligomerization.
The correct answer is I and IV
In the Basidiomycetes, the spores are produced externally on the end of specialized club-shaped structure called basidia. Whereas, In ascomycetes, spores are produced internally, in the sac-like structure called an ascus. Some members of ascomycetes cause plant diseases such as powdery mildew of grape (<em>Uncinula necator</em>), chestnut blight (<em>Cryphonectria parasitica</em>), and apple scab (<em>Venturia inequalis)</em>. Memers of basidiomyctes cause smut of corn (<em>Ustilago maydis</em>), brown root rot, and coffee rust.
