Answer:
A person in a communal relationship with another is more likely to be concerned with the <em>non contingent </em>effect of helping. While a person in an exchange relationship with another is more likely to be concerned with the <em>contingent</em> effect of helping others.
Explanation:
<em>Communal relationships</em> are closely knitted relationships, such that occurs within family and partners. In a communal relationship, helping does not come with future expected benefits (non contingent) . Giving is done with an objective of ensuring the other person's need is met.
In an <em>Exchange relationship</em>, the effect of helping comes with future benefits of repayments. Giving is done with an objective of some future repayment. This type of relationship occurs among business partners. 'If person A does person B a favor today, it is expected that person B will repay the favor to person A in future.
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Answer:
An observational study of an association between two variables.
Explanation:
In the given scenario, it is an observational study of an association between two variables. The variables being :
- Explanatory variable (independant variable / predictor variable) may explain or influence changes in a response variable.
- Response variable (dependant variable) measures an outcome of a study.
Observational study observes individuals and records variables but doesn't attempt to influence the response (does not impose a treatment). It allows the researcher to directly observed the behavior of inteest rather than rely on the subject's self-descriptions (Survey) thus allowing the researcher to study the subject in its natural environment, thus removing the potentiallybased effect of the unnatural laboratory setting on the subject's performance.
