Regarding the suitability or not of bipartisanship in democracy, there are conflicting opinions. There are those who think that it is positive because it helps the political and general stability of a nation, while others believe that it supposes an unhealthy diminution of opinions represented in the agencies of power, and that there is no real opposition that fosters corruption.
In general, the bipartisanship leaves aside the opinions of people who do not identify with any of the parties. therefore their opinions, are not represented.
A) traditional
B) independent
C) separate
D) mixed
He is in the precontemplation stage of the transtheoretical model,where he shows no intention of changing their behavior, and does not see an behavior as a problem when asked.
This matched his case that he does not believe he will get a lung cancer from smoking cigarettes(does not see the behavior as an problem) and does not want to quit smoking(no intention of changing the behavior).
Hope it helps!