Astronaut Rob leaves Earth in a spaceship at a speed of 0.960c relative to an observer on Earth. Rob's destination is a star sys
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Answer:
rm = 38280860.6[m]
Explanation:
We can solve this problem by using Newton's universal gravitation law.
In the attached image we can find a schematic of the locations of the Earth and the moon and that the sum of the distances re plus rm will be equal to the distance given as initial data in the problem rt = 3.84 × 108 m
Now the key to solving this problem is to establish a point of equalisation of both forces, i.e. the point where the Earth pulls the astronaut with the same force as the moon pulls the astronaut.
Mathematically this equals:
When we match these equations the masses cancel out as the universal gravitational constant
To solve this equation we have to replace the first equation of related with the distances.
Now, we have a second-degree equation, the only way to solve it is by using the formula of the quadratic equation.
We work with positive value
rm = 38280860.6[m] = 38280.86[km]
According to Newton's second law, the force applied to an object is equal to the product between the mass of the object and its acceleration:
where F is the magnitude of the force, m is the mass of the object and a its acceleration.
In this problem, the object is the insect, with mass
. The acceleration of the insect is 
, therefore we can calculate the force exerted by the car on the insect:
How do we find the force exerted by the insect on the car?
According to Newton's third law (known as action-reaction law), when an object A exerts a force on an object B, object B also exerts a force equal and opposite on object A. Therefore, the force exerted by the insect on the car is equal to the force exerted by the car on the object, so it is 0.01 N.
where F is the magnitude of the force, m is the mass of the object and a its acceleration.
In this problem, the object is the insect, with mass
How do we find the force exerted by the insect on the car?
According to Newton's third law (known as action-reaction law), when an object A exerts a force on an object B, object B also exerts a force equal and opposite on object A. Therefore, the force exerted by the insect on the car is equal to the force exerted by the car on the object, so it is 0.01 N.
here we will use the momentum conservation
initial total momentum = final total momentum
now plug in all data here
so the final speed will be 7.94 m/s