Answer:
In 1928, Fred Griffith performed an experiment revealing that genetic material can be passed between two different stains of the bacteria.
Explanation:
In 1928, Frederick Griffith, a British bacteriologist conducted some experiments to develop a pneumonia vaccine. He used mice and two strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria, known as R and S in his experiments.
The live R strain bacteria had a rough appearance and were nonvirulent. When he injected R bacteria into mice, they did not cause pneumonia. The live S strain bacteria had a smooth appearance due to their polysaccharide coating and were virulent. When injected into mice, the mice died as a result of pneumonia. The polysaccharide coating protected the S bacteria from the immune system of the mice.
Griffith then injected mice with heat-killed S bacteria (the heat killed the bacterial cells) and they did not cause pneumonia in mice. But when he injected a combination of non-lethal R bacteria and non-lethal heat-killed S bacteria into mice, the mice died from pneumonia. When he examined the blood sample from the dead mice, he found that the blood sample contained live S bacteria. This finding leads him to the conclusion that the nonvirulent R-strain bacteria had been "transformed" into virulent and lethal S-strain bacteria by taking up a "transforming principle" from the heat-killed S bacteria.
This experiment was then used for additional experiments conducted by Avery, McCarty, McLeod and then by Hershey and Chase. They found the evidence that the transforming principle from Griffith's experiment was actually the hereditary material, DNA. The DNA of the S strain bacteria had survived the heating process. This DNA that contains the genes for the production of the protective polysaccharide coating was taken up by the R strain bacteria. The transformed R strain bacteria were now protected from their host's immune system and this process of transferring genetic information between different bacterial strains is known as transformation.
Answer:
gg
Explanation:
Not 50 pts but... recessive usually means it's the tiny letters.
Dominant traits have capital letter GG or Gg, so the dominant trait is going to show as the phenotype.
A trait that is carried on any chromosome besides the X or Y chromosome is called <u>autosomal trait</u>
Option b is the correct answer
Answer: Cell Wall
Explanation: Both archaea and bacteria have a/n Cell Wall, but it is made of peptidoglycan in bacteria and pseudo peptidoglycan in archaea.
Answer:
look for any bleeding or sores. look at the red legs. diagnosis with red leg disease. prescribe antibiotics orally. follow up in a week. meanwhile keep the frog away from other frogs.
Explanation:
