Answer:
1. They must be removed before sister chromatids or homologous chromosomes can separate
Explanation:
During the S-phase of the cell cycle, not only does DNA have to be replicated, but also newly synthesized DNA molecules have to be connected with each other. This replicated DNA (sister chromatids) remain physically connected with each other from S phase until metaphase. This physical connection is called Sister chromatids cohesion.
Sister chromatid cohesion depends on COHESIN, a tripartite protein complex that forms a ring structure to hold sister chromatids together during mitosis and meiosis. Cohesin regulates the separation of sister chromatids during cell division, either mitosis or meiosis. This sister chromatid cohesion is essential for the biorientation of chromosomes on the mitotic or meiotic metaphase spindle, and is thus an essential prerequisite for chromosome segregation. Without the cohesion, sister chromatids would not be segregated symmetrically between the forming daughter cells, resulting in aneuploidy.
Cohesion is established during S-phase of DNA replication, and the cohesins hold the sister chromatid together after DNA replication until anaphase when the removal of cohesin leads to separation of sister chromatids (meiosis II and mitosis) and homologous chromosomes (meiosis I).
Answer:
Modifying the accessibility of chromatic leads to complex regulation of eukaryotic gene expression.
The tilt of the earth's axis, which essentially "turns" certain parts of earth so that some parts receive more direct sunlight
Answer:
3. CABD
Explanation:
The gene mapping refers to providing position to the genes on the chromosomes. The first gene map was constructed by the Alfred Sturtevant on the basis of recombinant produces or recombination frequency which was calculated.
The gene mapping refers to providing position to the genes on the chromosomes.
In the given question to construct gene map:
1. Look for the highest recombination frequency that is 50% between the C and D.
2. Now look for second-highest value and place the gene accordingly.
3.Similarly, place the genes in the decreasing order of recombination frequency and this will result that the sequence of the genes is- CABD.
Thus, Option-3 is correct.