The spread of Islam from the Middle East and North Africa affected political and social life in East, West, and South Africa because it provided fixed laws enforced by officials.
I believe the answer is: 1. Depreciating and 2. Fewer
When a currency depreciate, the purchasing power that the currency had toward imported product would decrease. When this happen, the the currency would be seen as less valuable by people from another country, which cause the price of the currency to be lower in foreign exchange market.
While being about to die, Chandra Gupta told his son Samudra " to rule the whole world". And he tried to do it, he ruled for almost 45 years and his reign was considered a military campaign. "He waged war along the Ganges plain" defeating nine kings and getting their territory. He built the Gupta Empire.
