Answer:
commerce is not connected to science ok....
3.)3. Foreshadowing hints to readers that something is of significance and gets them interested.
4. Exposition helps readers understand the background of the story
I believe the answer is: B. To show that Grendel cannot rely on nature for protection
In the story, Grendel perceive that he is blessed by protection from the nature which would always help him in all of his troubles. But when he somehow got his foot stucked in a tree in front of a bull and when he cried and scream for help from the nature, he did not receive any answer.
Phase, in thermodynamics, chemically and physically uniform or homogeneous quantity of matter that can be separated mechanically from a non-homogeneous mixture and that may consist of a single substance or a mixture of substances
(hope this helps ^^)