Answer:
11. D. Jerusalem
12. A. Christians and Muslims
13. C. the Pope
Explanation:
11. D. This was followed later in the year by the Council of Vermonter, during which Pope Urban II supported the Byzantine request for military assistance and also urged faithful Christians to undertake an armed pilgrimage to Jerusalem.
12. A. The Crusades were a series of religious wars between Christians and Muslims started primarily to secure control of holy sites considered sacred by both groups. In all, eight major Crusade expeditions occurred between 1096 and 1291. The bloody, violent and often ruthless conflicts propelled the status of European Christians, making them major players in the fight for land in the Middle East.
13. C. On November 27, 1095, Pope Urban II makes perhaps the most influential speech of the Middle Ages, giving rise to the Crusades by calling all Christians in Europe to war against Muslims in order to reclaim the Holy Land, with a cry of “Deus vult!” or “God wills it!”
<span>The American Colonies were an integral, yet increasingly autonomous part of the British Empire and economy. A vast empire, including the colonies plus Canada, parts of the Caribbean, southern Africa, the Middle East, India, and other territories ensured the British freedom of the seas. So a large and productive segment of the British holdings declaring independence would be a jolt on London/</span>
<u>The South</u> was most affected by Brown vs. Board of Education.
The Bill of Rights<span> was </span>added<span> to the United States </span>Constitution<span> to guarantee the protection of the people from a strong central government. It served as a compromise between the Federalists and Anti-Federalists to achieve the ratification of the </span>Constitution<span>.</span>
Woodrow Wilson of America had been genuinely stunned by the savagery of WW1.
In America, there was a growing desire for the government to adopt a policy of isolation and leave Europe to its own devices. In failing health, Wilson wanted America to concentrate on itself and, despite developing the idea of a League of Nations, he wanted an American input into Europe to be kept to a minimum. He believed that Germany should be punished but in a way that would lead to European reconciliation as opposed to revenge.
Georges Clemenceau of France had one very simple belief - Germany should be brought to its knees so that she could never start a war again- also for revenge as Germany had attacked France a few times.
The British public was after revenge and Lloyd George's public image reflected this mood. "Hang the Kaiser" and "Make Germany Pay" were two very common calls in the era immediately after the end of the war and Lloyd George, looking for public support, echoed these views.
