In an ecosystem, all the trophic level in a food web are closely interlinked and any change in one level is bound to affect the other levels. The various trophic levels may correspond to producers (such as grass and plants), primary consumers (such as deer), secondary consumers (such as tigers or lions, etc.), etc. If we reduce the land available or necessary for sustaining the ecosystem by half (5 acres instead of 10 acres).
Answer: If one is constructing a phylogeny of reptiles using DNA sequence data of birds, mammals, amphibians or fish, the suitable outgroup to be used are mammals due to the time of divergence from other group of organisms.
Explanation: Phylogeny is used to determine evolutionary relationship between items or organisms. A phylogenetic tree is a graphical illustration of phylogenetic relationship. In phylogeny, an outgroup represent an organism that is more distantly related to other group of organisms.
In a phylogenetic tree, outgroup stands alone. It shows that the time of divergence of that particular organism is far from other group of organisms. Outgroup is used to root a tree and sometimes represent a group that is more ancestral on a tree.
It should be noted that differences in the DNA sequences of the organisms under consideration will determine which organism will serve as the outgroup.
Not really sure but I think is that rodents mate randomly but wait for someone else to answer cause I’m not 100% sure
