The choices can be found elsewhere and as follows:
(1) lateen sail (2) iron cannons (3) camel caravans (4) moveable type
I think the correct answer from the choices listed above is option 3. The technological innovation that was essential to stimulate the expansion of the gold salt trade in west africa would be camel caravans. They were able to trade more.
The scientific discipline that deals with the implementation of communication are called Communicology. In interpersonal communication, the main target is the other person who is, in that case, the recipient of the message. Science defines such a form of relationship as a multidimensional process that involves the exchange, interpretation, and reception of information. The simplest definition of interpersonal communication is that it is actually communication between at least two people.
Andrew Jackson influenced the creation of the Democratic Party and the growth of Democracy by:
A) Making the Democratic party a champion of the "common man"- Jackson himself was known as the "Champion of the common man" due to his humble upbringings and rise to national prominence. Jackson was an advocate of small farmers and giving them the ability to participate in politics. This is what lead to the growth of democracy.
B) Eliminating of property requirements in order to vote- Andrew Jackson helped to get rid of laws that limited voting to white males who owned a certain amount of property. This helped to grow American democracy because it allowed more people to vote. This would help him to win re-election.