I'm pretty sure its C. sonar.
This are some of the things behind imperialism in Africa.
1) Need for resources,
2) Political competition
3) Technological advances
Economic factors were more of a driving force behind imperialism because the imperialists were in need for natural resources for them to improve their technology and their national pride.
Islam arrived in the inland of Indian subcontinent in the 7th century when the Arabs conquered Sindh and later arrived in North India in the 12th century via the Ghurids conquest
Answer: C.at a transform boundary